Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis with Total Ankle Replacement Through a Lateral Transfibular Approach
Published on: January 24, 2018
Prevalence of midfoot arthritis and lesser toe deformities
Ki Chun Kim1, Eli Schmidt2, Kepler Alencar Mendes de Carvalho3
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Background:
The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of Midfoot Arthritis (MA) and Lesser toe deformity (LTD) using Weight-Bearing Computed Tomography (WBCT).
Methods:
606 cases (247 male, 359 female) among 1316 consecutive cases with WBCT data from September 2014 to April 2022 were retrospectively reviewed at a single referral institution. The Cochran-Armitage test was performed to evaluate the trend of prevalence with respect to age group and obesity classification.
Results:
139 male (56.3%) and 210 female cases (58.5%) showed MA. 157 male (63.6%) and 222 female cases (61.6%) showed LTD. 115 male (19.0%) and 157 female cases (25.9%) showed both MA and LTD. The prevalence of MA and LTD increased with age in both genders. The incidence of MA in males showed an increasing tendency until obesity class II and then was slightly decreased in obesity class III. This is contrary to females whose prevalence increased with increasing obesity groups. LTD had a similar pattern in both genders to obesity classification.
Conclusions:
The prevalence of MA and LTD increased with age and increasing obesity groups for both genders.
Level Of Evidence:
Level III, Retrospective Comparative Study.
Related Concept Videos
Ankle Joint
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles....
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Knee Joint
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...

