Atom-doped photon engine: Extracting mechanical work from a quantum system via radiation pressure

Area of Science:

• Quantum thermodynamics
• Quantum optics
• Mesoscopic systems

Background:

• The quest for quantum superiority in energy conversion drives research into quantum heat engines.
• Understanding microscale heat-to-work conversion is crucial for developing novel quantum technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce and analyze a novel quantum heat engine model.
• To demonstrate the generation of mechanical work from thermal energy using quantum effects.
• To compare the performance of quantum Otto and Carnot engines.

Main Methods:

• A theoretical model based on the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian for a quantum cavity coupled to a classical piston.
• Analytical and numerical methods to establish work definitions and analyze engine performance.
• Construction and comparison of quantum Otto and Carnot engine cycles.

Main Results:

• The model successfully generates mechanical work via radiation pressure from thermal energy injection.
• Equivalence between piston expansion work and Alicki's work definition is established.
• Performance metrics (energetics, work, efficiency, power) of quantum Otto and Carnot engines are compared.

Conclusions:

• The developed model serves as a platform for extracting work from open quantum systems.
• The study provides insights into quantum work and heat definitions in practical engine cycles.
• This research highlights the potential for quantum heat engines to outperform classical counterparts.