Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

5.9K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
5.9K
Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

40.7K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
40.7K
pV-Diagrams01:18

pV-Diagrams

4.1K
The pV diagram, which is a graph of pressure versus volume of the gas under study, is helpful in describing certain aspects of the substance. When the substance behaves like an ideal gas, the ideal gas equation describes the relationship between its pressure and volume. On a pV diagram, it is common to plot an isotherm, which is a curve showing p as a function of V with the number of molecules and the temperature fixed. Then, for an ideal gas, the product of the pressure of the gas and its...
4.1K
States of Matter and Phase Changes00:59

States of Matter and Phase Changes

948
The internal energy of a substance—the total kinetic energy of all its molecules and the potential energy of their associated forces—depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces in the condensed phases and the pressure exerted on the substance. The internal energy of a substance is the highest in the gaseous state, the lowest in the solid state, and intermediate in the liquid state. Phase transitions are caused by changes in physical conditions, such as temperature and...
948
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

19.1K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
19.1K
Phase Changes01:19

Phase Changes

4.3K
Phase transitions play an important theoretical and practical role in the study of heat flow. In melting or fusion, a solid turns into a liquid; the opposite process is freezing. In evaporation, a liquid turns into a gas; the opposite process is condensation.
A substance melts or freezes at a temperature called its melting point and boils or condenses at its boiling point. These temperatures depend on pressure. High pressure favors the denser form of the substance, so typically, high pressure...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Migration Patterns and Meteorological Drivers of the Rice Leaf Roller in Western Hunan Province, China.

Insects·2026
Same author

Fermion sign problem and the structure of Lee-Yang zeros: The form of the partition function for indistinguishable particles and its zeros at 0 K.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Separation of Hydrogen and Graphite from Natural Gas Through Nickel Atomic Lattice.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Genome-wide analysis of WRKY gene family in Cucurbita moschata and involvement of CmWRKY22/63/84 in powdery mildew resistance.

BMC genomics·2026
Same author

Surface hopping with nuclear quantum effects through path-integral coarse graining.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

CaSBP12 is implicated in pepper's defense resistance to Phytophthora capsici infection associated with the SA signaling pathway.

BMC plant biology·2025
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
12:37

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

Published on: September 4, 2015

12.4K

Complex phase diagram and supercritical matter.

Xiao-Yu Ouyang1, Qi-Jun Ye1, Xin-Zheng Li1,2,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Frontier Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.

Physical Review. E
|March 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Supercritical boundaries, previously undefined, are mathematically described using a complex phase diagram. This reveals the incipient phase transition nature of supercritical matter, linking Widom lines to Lee-Yang edges.

More Related Videos

High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems
05:46

High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems

Published on: January 24, 2014

13.4K
Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
09:05

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

Published on: May 15, 2015

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
12:37

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

Published on: September 4, 2015

12.4K
High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems
05:46

High-pressure Sapphire Cell for Phase Equilibria Measurements of CO2/Organic/Water Systems

Published on: January 24, 2014

13.4K
Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
09:05

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

Published on: May 15, 2015

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Phase Transitions

Background:

  • The supercritical region is traditionally viewed as uniform, lacking distinct phase transitions.
  • Observed liquidlike and gaslike behaviors suggest the existence of
  • supercritical boundaries
  • .

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a mathematical framework for understanding supercritical boundaries.
  • To explore the implications of complex phase diagrams in supercritical phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Revisiting the Yang-Lee theory.
  • Introducing a four-dimensional (4D) complex phase diagram with complex temperature (T) and pressure (p).
  • Analyzing the behavior of Lee-Yang (LY) zeros in the complex plane.

Main Results:

  • Off-plane LY zeros in the 4D complex phase diagram induce critical anomalies in physical properties.
  • A correlation is established between the Widom line and LY edges in systems like van der Waals fluids, the 2D Ising model, and water.
  • Projecting complex LY zeros onto the physical plane reveals boundaries defined by isobaric heat capacity (Cp) and isothermal compression coefficient (KT).

Conclusions:

  • Supercritical boundaries represent an incipient phase transition.
  • The high-dimensional nature of the complex phase diagram is crucial for understanding supercritical phenomena.