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A Single-fly Assay for Foraging Behavior in Drosophila
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A sweet tooth makes a fly a pest.

Nicolas O Rode1, Camille Meslin2

  • 1CBGP, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|March 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, now prefer laying eggs on ripe fruits due to an evolved higher sensitivity to low sugar concentrations. This behavioral shift impacts pest management strategies for soft and stone fruits.

Keywords:
egg-layingneuronsoviposition preferencespotted-wing Drosophilasugartaste sensilla

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Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Behavioral Ecology

Background:

  • Spotted-wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) are significant pests of soft and stone fruits.
  • This insect typically oviposits on damaged or fermenting fruit.
  • Recent observations indicate a shift towards oviposition on ripe, undamaged fruits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary drivers behind the changing egg-laying preferences of Drosophila suzukii.
  • To determine the role of sugar concentration sensitivity in the shift towards ripe fruit oviposition.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of egg-laying behavior in different fruit ripeness stages.
  • Assessing the olfactory and behavioral responses of Drosophila suzukii to varying sugar concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Drosophila suzukii demonstrated a significantly higher preference for laying eggs on ripe fruits compared to fermented ones.
  • This preference correlated with an increased responsiveness to low sugar concentrations in ripe fruits.
  • The study identified a key role for sugar-sensing mechanisms in this evolutionary behavioral adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • The evolutionary shift in Drosophila suzukii's egg-laying behavior is strongly linked to enhanced sensitivity to low sugar levels found in ripe fruits.
  • This adaptation allows the pest to exploit a previously underutilized resource, posing new challenges for fruit crop protection.