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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
Commonly used reporter...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression01:27

Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression

Gene expression in prokaryotes is governed by constitutive and regulated systems, allowing cells to balance the production of essential proteins with adaptive responses to environmental changes.Constitutive Gene ExpressionConstitutive, or housekeeping, genes are continuously expressed as they encode proteins vital for fundamental cellular processes. These include enzymes for glycolysis, ribosomal components for protein synthesis, and proteins involved in DNA replication. Their constant...

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A universal system for boosting gene expression in eukaryotic cell-lines.

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  • 1Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion, Haifa, Israel.

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We developed a design algorithm to boost gene expression in yeast and mammalian cells using synthetic regulatory elements. This system offers a new method for optimizing protein production in biotechnology.

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Molecular biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Optimizing gene expression is crucial for biotechnology.
  • Existing methods for transcriptional regulation can be complex and cell-type specific.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a transcriptional regulatory design algorithm for boosting gene expression.
  • To create a simplified transcriptional architecture for predictable gene regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a synthetic upstream regulatory region (sURS) using up to three motifs from 41 conserved eukaryotic motifs.
  • Characterized the sURS system using a large oligo-library (189,990 variants).
  • Validated the expression model with 43 novel sURS designs in yeast and mammalian cells (CHO-K1, HeLa).

Main Results:

  • The oligo-library characterization yielded a predictive expression model.
  • Validation experiments confirmed the model's accuracy for unseen sURS designs.
  • Identified potential generic grammar rules for gene expression boosting and attenuation in yeast, also functional in mammalian cells.

Conclusions:

  • A novel design algorithm for transcriptional regulation was successfully developed and validated.
  • The synthetic upstream regulatory region (sURS) system demonstrates predictable gene expression boosting across different cell types.
  • This algorithm facilitates enhanced expression of industrially relevant proteins in both yeast and mammalian systems.