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Preparation of Fungal and Plant Materials for Structural Elucidation Using Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Solid-State NMR
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Insights into the molecular mechanisms, structure-activity relationships and application prospects of polysaccharides

Nuo Chen1, Meifen Hu1, Tingyue Jiang1

  • 1Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|March 17, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Polysaccharides activate the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway to combat oxidative stress. This study explores pathway crosstalk and polysaccharide structure-activity relationships for antioxidant applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Oxidative stress is linked to numerous diseases.
  • Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a key regulator of cellular antioxidant responses.
  • Polysaccharides are known to exert antioxidant effects, primarily through the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex crosstalk between the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway and other signaling pathways involved in polysaccharide-mediated antioxidant effects.
  • To elucidate the structural-activity relationship of polysaccharides concerning their antioxidant properties.
  • To provide a basis for designing novel polysaccharides as modulators of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant responses.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic elucidation of polysaccharide structure-activity relationships using principal component analysis and cluster analysis.
  • Investigation of crosstalk between Keap1/Nrf2/ARE and other antioxidant signaling pathways.
  • Review of existing literature on antioxidant polysaccharides.

Main Results:

  • Polysaccharides activate the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway, promoting nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and upregulating antioxidant enzymes.
  • Complex crosstalk exists between Keap1/Nrf2/ARE and other pathways (e.g., PI3K/Akt/GSK3β, JNK/Nrf2, NF-κB), influencing Nrf2 nuclear translocation.
  • Structural features of polysaccharides (molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage) significantly impact their antioxidant activity.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding pathway crosstalk offers new strategies for developing polysaccharide-based antioxidants targeting Nrf2.
  • Systematic analysis of structure-activity relationships is crucial for screening and designing effective antioxidant polysaccharides.
  • Antioxidant polysaccharides have broad applications in food, animal production, cosmetics, and biomaterials.
Keywords:
Antioxidant polysaccharidesApplicationsMetrological analysis methodsMolecular mechanismsNrf2Structure-activity relationships

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