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GDF11: An emerging therapeutic target for liver diseases and fibrosis
Pardis Habibi1,2, Kimia Falamarzi1,2, Niloofar Dehdari Ebrahimi2
1Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Abstract:
Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), also known as bone morphogenetic protein 11 (BMP11), has been identified as a key player in various biological processes, including embryonic development, aging, metabolic disorders and cancers. GDF11 has also emerged as a critical component in liver development, injury and fibrosis. However, the effects of GDF11 on liver physiology and pathology have been a subject of debate among researchers due to conflicting reported outcomes. While some studies suggest that GDF11 has anti-aging properties, others have documented its senescence-inducing effects. Similarly, while GDF11 has been implicated in exacerbating liver injury, it has also been shown to have the potential to reduce liver fibrosis. In this narrative review, we present a comprehensive report of recent evidence elucidating the diverse roles of GDF11 in liver development, hepatic injury, regeneration and associated diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. We also explore the therapeutic potential of GDF11 in managing various liver pathologies.
Insights
Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11) plays complex roles in liver health and disease, with conflicting evidence on its effects on aging and injury. This review explores GDF11
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Hepatology
- Aging Research
Background:
- Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF11), also known as Bone Morphogenetic Protein 11 (BMP11), is implicated in development, aging, and metabolic disorders.
- GDF11's role in liver physiology and pathology is debated, with conflicting reports on its effects on aging, injury, and fibrosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of recent evidence on the diverse roles of GDF11 in liver development, injury, regeneration, and associated diseases.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of GDF11 in managing various liver pathologies, including NAFLD, NASH, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing scientific literature.
- Synthesis of recent evidence on GDF11's functions in hepatic contexts.
Main Results:
- GDF11 exhibits multifaceted effects, with some studies indicating anti-aging properties and others senescence-inducing effects.
- Evidence suggests GDF11 can both exacerbate liver injury and potentially reduce liver fibrosis.
- GDF11's roles in liver development, regeneration, NAFLD, NASH, and hepatocellular carcinoma are complex and require further elucidation.
Conclusions:
- GDF11's impact on liver health is context-dependent and warrants further investigation to resolve conflicting findings.
- Understanding GDF11's dual roles is crucial for evaluating its therapeutic potential in liver disease management.
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