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Noninvasive hemoglobin quantification across different cohorts using a wearable diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Ying-Yu Chen1, Guan-Hua Lai1, Chia-Te Chen2,3

  • 1Department of Photonics, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan 701, Taiwan.

Biomedical Optics Express
|March 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new wearable device uses diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) to noninvasively measure hemoglobin levels. This technology shows high accuracy compared to invasive methods, offering potential for convenient hemoglobin tracking.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Sensing
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Accurate hemoglobin quantification is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring various health conditions.
  • Current methods for measuring hemoglobin typically involve invasive blood draws, posing challenges for frequent monitoring.
  • Noninvasive techniques are highly desirable for continuous and accessible health assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a wearable diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) device for noninvasive hemoglobin measurement.
  • To assess the accuracy and reliability of the DRS device against established invasive methods.
  • To explore the potential of wearable technology for routine hemoglobin level monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a wearable DRS device incorporating light-emitting diodes and photodiodes.
  • Utilization of neural networks to recover optical parameters and chromophore fitting for hemoglobin calculation.
  • Testing the device on healthy and elderly subjects, comparing results with invasive hemoglobin measurements.
  • Application of Bland-Altman analysis to evaluate agreement between DRS and invasive methods.

Main Results:

  • The wearable DRS device demonstrated a strong correlation (r=0.9) with invasive hemoglobin measurement methods.
  • Bland-Altman analysis showed tight 95% limits of agreement (-1.98 to 1.98 g/dL).
  • The system successfully overcame melanin interference by spectroscopically isolating hemoglobin absorption.

Conclusions:

  • The developed wearable DRS device provides a noninvasive and accurate method for determining hemoglobin concentration.
  • The device shows significant potential for integration into wearable technology for convenient hemoglobin level tracking.
  • This innovation could facilitate more frequent and accessible health monitoring, particularly for individuals requiring regular hemoglobin assessment.