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Purpuric Type Drug Eruption Caused by Azithromycin: A Case Report and Literature Review
Natsuko Saito-Sasaki1, Yu Sawada1
1Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, JPN.
Abstract:
Azithromycin, an azolide antibiotic with structural and functional similarities to macrolides, possesses distinct features such as its effects persisting for seven days, an extended half-life by administering it once daily for three days, and strong antimicrobial activity. Notably, vomiting and diarrhea are recognized as the primary adverse events related to azithromycin. In this particular case, we present a unique case describing a purpuric-type drug eruption associated with azithromycin, which represents an uncommon cutaneous manifestation. A 64-year-old female developed a purpuric eruption on her trunk and lower extremities seven days after receiving daily intravenous azithromycin for upper bronchitis. A previous occurrence of punctate purpuric eruption following azithromycin administration was documented in her medical history. The diagnosis of azithromycin-induced skin eruption was confirmed based on the clinical progression and the recurrence of the eruption upon re-administration of the drug. In response to this diagnosis, the patient underwent treatment involving the discontinuation of azithromycin and the application of topical betamethasone butyrate propionate ointment. Remarkably, her eruption significantly improved within two weeks, although residual pigmentation persisted post-treatment. Additionally, we offer a comprehensive review of the literature, examining cases of drug eruptions related to azithromycin.
Insights
Azithromycin can cause rare purpuric drug eruptions, a unique skin reaction. This case highlights the importance of recognizing this uncommon adverse event and its management.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Azithromycin, an azolide antibiotic, is known for its efficacy and distinct pharmacokinetic profile.
- Common adverse events include gastrointestinal disturbances like vomiting and diarrhea.
- Cutaneous manifestations are less common but significant adverse reactions.
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