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Multicolor Long-Term Single-Particle Tracking Using 10 nm Upconverting Nanoparticles.

João F Shida1,2, Kaibo Ma3,2, Harrison W Toll1,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

Nano Letters
|March 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) offer photostable, long-term multicolor single-particle tracking (SPT) for biological research. These bright, small probes enable multiplexed tracking in live cells using a single excitation source.

Keywords:
MicroscopyMulticolor imagingSingle-particle trackingUCNPUpconversion

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Single-particle tracking (SPT) is vital for understanding molecular behaviors in biological processes.
  • Existing SPT methods face limitations due to probe photostability and spectral orthogonality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop photostable, long-term multicolor SPT probes overcoming current limitations.
  • To optimize upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) for brightness, size, and multicolor capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated core-shell UCNP brightness versus inert shell thickness.
  • Explored rare-earth dopants (Tm3+, Er3+, Yb3+) for optimal emission.
  • Demonstrated three-color SPT on live HeLa cells using multiplexed 10 nm UCNPs.

Main Results:

  • Developed UCNPs exhibiting photostability over several hours for single-particle analysis.
  • Identified optimal dopant concentrations for blue, green, and near-infrared UCNP emission.
  • Achieved multiplexed three-color SPT in live cells with a single near-infrared excitation source.

Conclusions:

  • Photostable and multiplexed UCNPs significantly advance SPT capabilities.
  • These UCNPs enable long-term multicolor tracking in biological systems.
  • The developed probes open new possibilities for diverse biological applications.