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Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: Obtaining High-Quality CSF and Blood Samples for Epilepsy Biomarker Discovery
Published on: September 1, 2023
Determination of carbamazepine in fingerprints: a feasibility study to evaluate adherence in epilepsy patients
Isadora Ritter Müller1,2, Valéria Tessaro Grandi3, Sarah Gondim Santos Paulino3
1Analytical Toxicology Laboratory, Universidade Feevale, Rua Rubem Berta, 200, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP, 93525-080, Brazil.
Abstract:
Background: Fingerprint drug concentrations can be used as a noninvasive and convenient alternative to evaluate adherence to pharmacotherapy. Methods: Fingerprints were applied over glass slides, extracted and analyzed by ultra-high performance LC-MS/MS. The assay and drug adherence questionnaires were applied to 30 epilepsy patients. Results: The assay had linearity in the range 0.05-10 ng fingerprint-1, with precision of 2.16-7.9% and accuracy of 95.0-102.8%. Carbamazepine (CBZ) levels in fingerprints were stable at 45°C for 15 days. Concentrations in patient samples were 0.06-9.28 ng fingerprint-1. A significant difference (p = 0.003) was found between CBZ concentrations in fingerprints between patient groups divided as low and medium/high adherence. Conclusion: This method can potentially be applied to the identification of epilepsy patients with low adherence to CBZ pharmacotherapy.
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