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Urinary kallikrein: assay validation and physiological variability.

K O Ash, J B Smith, M Lynch

    Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
    |September 30, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Urinary kallikrein (UK) levels are a potential preclinical indicator for hypertension. This study validated UK assays and found daily variations, with higher morning excretion, but no significant impact from common lifestyle factors.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Clinical Chemistry
    • Nephrology

    Background:

    • Decreased urinary kallikrein (UK) output is a potential preclinical indicator of essential hypertension.
    • Understanding UK assay parameters and physiological variability is crucial for hypertension research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess selected urinary kallikrein assay parameters.
    • To evaluate the physiological variability of urinary kallikrein output.
    • To prepare for future UK studies in hypertension-prone Utah kindreds.

    Main Methods:

    • Colorimetric kallikrein assay validation, including precision (CV < 5% within-run, 14% day-to-day), recovery (105%), and correlation with 3H-TAME esterase method (r=0.990).
    • Assessment of urine specimen stability at room temperature and various frozen conditions (-20°C, -80°C).

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  • Analysis of diurnal UK output patterns and intra-/inter-individual variations (mean 20%).
  • Main Results:

    • The colorimetric UK assay demonstrated acceptable precision and stability.
    • Urinary kallikrein output exhibited significant diurnal variation, peaking in the morning.
    • Intra- and inter-individual variations in UK output were comparable (mean 20%).
    • UK output increased with age in children, reaching adult levels by age 15; male and female values were similar.
    • Lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, coffee, etc.) and female hormone medications did not significantly affect 12-hour UK output in 1110 subjects.

    Conclusions:

    • The validated colorimetric assay is suitable for UK studies.
    • Significant diurnal variation in UK output necessitates standardized collection times.
    • UK output shows developmental trends and is largely unaffected by common lifestyle factors in the studied population.