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Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats
Published on: December 13, 2019
Diagnostic Contexts of Echocardiographic Nonapical Window
Paolo Springhetti1,2, Giovanni Benfari1, Stefano Nistri3
1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Abstract:
The long-established utility of multiwindow interrogation in echocardiography (suprasternal notch, right and left sternal border, apex, and subxiphoid) is sometimes not systematically implemented in routine practice. This case series emphasizes the pivotal importance of such practice for the systematic assessment of aortic valve stenosis and in the evaluation of left ventricular outflow tract and the aorta.
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