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Mendelian randomization study on the causal relationship between food and cholelithiasis
Zhicheng Liu1, Shun Liu2, Peizhe Song1
1Department of Gastric and Intestinal, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Frontiers in Nutrition
|March 19, 2024
Summary
Diet significantly impacts gallstone risk. Eating more cooked vegetables, dried fruit, and oily fish may lower your risk, while lamb consumption could increase it. These findings highlight diet as a key factor in gallstone prevention.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Gastroenterology
- Genetic Epidemiology
Background:
- Cholelithiasis (gallstones) is common, influenced by genetics, lifestyle, and diet.
- Certain foods increase susceptibility, while others offer protection against gallstones.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal link between diet and cholelithiasis using Mendelian randomization.
- To analyze the impact of 17 food-related variables on gallstone development.
Main Methods:
- Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed.
- A large-scale genetic dataset of European ancestry individuals was utilized.
- 17 food-related variables were assessed for their association with cholelithiasis.
Main Results:
- Increased consumption of cooked vegetables, dried fruit, and oily fish correlated with reduced gallstone risk.
- Higher lamb intake was associated with an increased risk of cholelithiasis.
- Results were robust to sensitivity, heterogeneity, and pleiotropy tests.
Conclusions:
- A causal relationship exists between specific dietary patterns and cholelithiasis.
- Dietary modifications, including increased intake of vegetables, dried fruit, and oily fish, and reduced lamb consumption, may aid in gallstone prevention.
- Diet is a critical, modifiable risk factor for cholelithiasis management.
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