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Running shoes, orthotics, and injuries.

D C McKenzie, D B Clement, J E Taunton

    Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
    |September 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Understanding foot biomechanics is key to preventing running injuries. Proper footwear and orthotics can help manage issues like overpronation and cavus feet, reducing pain and improving performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Sports Medicine
    • Biomechanics
    • Orthopedics

    Background:

    • Running injuries are common, with overuse and training errors accounting for a significant percentage.
    • Understanding the biomechanics of running is crucial for injury prevention and management.
    • Foot arch configuration, specifically pronation and cavus feet, influences injury patterns.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the biomechanical factors contributing to running injuries.
    • To provide guidance on footwear and orthotic selection for different foot types.
    • To highlight the increasing incidence of knee pain in runners.

    Main Methods:

    • Classification of feet based on longitudinal arch configuration (pronation vs. cavus).
    • Analysis of injury types associated with specific foot biomechanics.
    • Recommendations for footwear characteristics and orthotic devices.

    Main Results:

    • Excessively pronated feet are linked to medial lower extremity injuries (e.g., tibial stress syndrome, patellofemoral pain syndrome).
    • Cavus feet are associated with lateral lower extremity injuries (e.g., iliotibial band friction syndrome, peroneus tendinitis).
    • Specific footwear and orthotic strategies are recommended for each foot type.

    Conclusions:

    • Appropriate footwear and orthotic interventions can help manage and prevent running-related injuries.
    • Tailoring interventions to individual biomechanics, particularly foot arch type, is essential.
    • There is a notable increase in running-related knee pain.

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