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Do Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Decrease the Risk of Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Patients

Gizem Çabuk1, Kutluhan Eren Hazır1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye.

Anatolian Journal of Cardiology
|March 20, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors significantly reduced contrast-associated acute kidney injury in diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography. These patients also experienced shorter hospital stays, highlighting the renoprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetic patients face a higher risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI).
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated potential renoprotective effects.
  • Coronary angiography procedures carry a risk of CA-AKI, particularly in vulnerable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the preventive effect of SGLT2 inhibitors against CA-AKI.
  • To assess the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on hospitalization duration in diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography.
  • To compare CA-AKI incidence in diabetic patients with and without SGLT2 inhibitor use.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, single-center study involving 345 type II diabetes mellitus patients.
  • Patients were divided into two groups: SGLT2 inhibitor users (n=133) and non-users (n=212).
  • Comparison of CA-AKI incidence and hospitalization duration between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • Baseline characteristics and contrast volumes were similar between groups.
  • CA-AKI incidence was significantly lower in the SGLT2 inhibitor group (9.0%) compared to the non-user group (26.4%).
  • Hospitalization duration was significantly shorter for SGLT2 inhibitor users (2.54 days) versus non-users (3.25 days).

Conclusions:

  • SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduce CA-AKI in diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography.
  • Diabetic patients using SGLT2 inhibitors have shorter hospitalization durations.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors offer a protective strategy against CA-AKI in this patient population.

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