Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors01:20

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

522
Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
522
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers01:26

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers

164
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
164
Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants

1.2K
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
1.2K
Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine01:25

Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine

509
Angina pectoris, a primary symptom of ischemic heart disease, requires careful pharmacological interventions. In this context, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ranolazine have emerged as crucial pharmacotherapeutic agents, providing deep insights into the complexities of angina management.
CCBs, a diverse class that includes dihydropyridines (nifedipine) and diphenylalkylamines (verapamil and diltiazem), exert their effect by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. This...
509
Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

692
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
692
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

176
Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
176

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Duration in Patients at High Bleeding Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

JAMA cardiology·2026
Same author

Prognostic value of early haemodynamic valve deterioration after TAVI.

EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same author

Clinical Impact of Myocardium at Risk in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Circulation. Cardiovascular interventions·2026
Same author

Oral Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Covid-19 in Higher-Risk Outpatients.

The New England journal of medicine·2026
Same author

Pharmacodynamic effects of cangrelor in patients with or without STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: insights from the POMPEII study.

European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care·2026
Same author

Lessons learned and recommendations from the Canadian adaptive platform trial of treatments for COVID in community settings (CanTreatCOVID).

Contemporary clinical trials·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function
10:28

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function

Published on: March 15, 2022

5.0K

Ticagrelor or Clopidogrel Monotherapy vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A

Marco Valgimigli1,2, Felice Gragnano3, Mattia Branca4

  • 1Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano, Switzerland.

JAMA Cardiology
|March 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Ticagrelor monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is noninferior to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for major adverse events and superior for bleeding risk. Clopidogrel monotherapy showed reduced bleeding but was not noninferior to DAPT.

More Related Videos

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
06:47

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Published on: November 8, 2024

853
A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

24.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function
10:28

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function

Published on: March 15, 2022

5.0K
Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function
06:47

Microfluidics in Assessing Platelet Function

Published on: November 8, 2024

853
A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
18:11

A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

24.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The optimal antiplatelet strategy following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains an area of active research.
  • Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is standard, but P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after a short DAPT course is being explored to reduce bleeding risks.
  • It is unclear if the efficacy of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy varies between ticagrelor and clopidogrel after PCI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor monotherapy versus standard DAPT after PCI.
  • To compare the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel monotherapy versus standard DAPT after PCI.
  • To assess risks and benefits of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy compared to DAPT in patients undergoing PCI.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 6 randomized clinical trials including 25,960 patients undergoing PCI.
  • Patient-level data were synthesized using a 1-step mixed-effects model.
  • Primary endpoint: noninferiority of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy vs. DAPT for the composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke. Secondary endpoints included major bleeding and net adverse clinical events (NACE).

Main Results:

  • Ticagrelor monotherapy was noninferior to DAPT for the primary endpoint (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.74-1.06).
  • Clopidogrel monotherapy was not noninferior to DAPT (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.01-1.87), driven by noncardiovascular death.
  • Both ticagrelor and clopidogrel monotherapy significantly reduced major bleeding risk compared to DAPT. Ticagrelor also reduced NACE, while clopidogrel did not show a significant reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Ticagrelor monotherapy following a short DAPT course is a safe and effective alternative to standard DAPT after PCI, offering reduced bleeding and NACE.
  • Clopidogrel monotherapy demonstrated reduced bleeding but failed to meet noninferiority for the primary composite endpoint, potentially due to specific population characteristics.
  • The findings support the use of ticagrelor monotherapy in select patients post-PCI to optimize the balance between ischemic event prevention and bleeding risk.