[Non-IgE-mediated food allergy].

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Gastroenterology
• Microbiology

Context:

• Food allergy is an immune response to food proteins, affecting 8% of children and 2% of adults.
• Non-IgE-mediated food allergies primarily impact the gastrointestinal tract.
• Gastrointestinal food allergies are categorized as IgE-mediated, non-IgE-mediated, or mixed.

Purpose:

• To classify gastrointestinal food allergies based on pathogenesis.
• To describe symptoms of food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis and enterocolitis syndrome.
• To explore potential therapeutic interventions like probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation.

Summary:

• Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis causes distal colon inflammation and hematochezia in neonates.
• Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, a non-IgE-mediated allergy, presents with repetitive vomiting, often triggered by shellfish in adults.
• Atopic diseases are prevalent in patients with these food allergies.

Impact:

• Probiotics (Lactobacillus GG) may alleviate allergic proctocolitis symptoms by modulating gut microbiota.
• Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) demonstrates efficient modulation of intestinal microecology compared to probiotics or dietary changes.
• Understanding these conditions is crucial for effective diagnosis and management of food allergies.