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Controlled experiment finds no detectable citation bump from Twitter promotion.

Trevor A Branch1, Isabelle M Cȏté2, Solomon R David3

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Tweeting about scientific papers significantly boosts downloads and social media attention, but does not lead to a statistically significant increase in citations after three years. Social media discussion offers other benefits beyond citation counts.

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Area of Science:

  • Life Sciences
  • Bibliometrics
  • Scientific Communication

Background:

  • Previous studies show a correlation between Twitter (X) shares and paper citations.
  • The causal relationship between social media sharing and citation rates remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if tweeting about scientific papers causes an increase in citations.
  • To investigate the impact of social media discussion on scientific paper visibility and impact.

Main Methods:

  • A three-year controlled experiment involving 11 journals.
  • Randomly selected articles were tweeted, with others serving as controls.
  • Recorded Altmetric scores, tweet counts, and citation data before and after intervention.

Main Results:

  • Tweeted articles showed 2.6-3.9 times more downloads immediately post-tweet.
  • Significant increases in Altmetric scores (+81%) and tweet counts (+105%) after three years.
  • No statistically significant increase in citation counts (Web of Science: +7%, Google Scholar: +12%) after three years.

Conclusions:

  • While social media enhances paper downloads and engagement, it does not significantly increase citation rates.
  • Discussing science on social media offers professional and societal benefits, but citation impact is not a primary outcome.
  • The study highlights the complex relationship between social media activity and academic citation metrics.