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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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All atomic nuclei are positively charged. When they have a nonzero spin, they behave like rotating charges. As a consequence of their charge and spin, these nuclei generate a magnetic field (B). This, in turn, gives rise to a magnetic moment (μ), which is randomly oriented in the absence of an external magnetic field. When an external magnetic field (B0) is applied, the magnetic moment vectors can align with the field or against it in 2 + 1 orientations. A hydrogen nucleus, which is just a...
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Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
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Parametric magnon transduction to spin qubits.

Mauricio Bejarano1,2, Francisco J T Goncalves1, Toni Hache1,3

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This study introduces a novel hybrid transducer using wafer-compatible materials for quantum information transduction. It leverages nonlinear magnonics to couple magnetic microdiscs with silicon carbide spin defects, enabling efficient quantum network integration.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Quantum networks require efficient quantum information transduction between heterogeneous modules.
  • Existing magnon-based transducers often use non-wafer-compatible materials like yttrium iron garnet and diamond, hindering scalability.
  • Linear magnon transduction has been the primary focus, limiting exploration of nonlinear effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a novel hybrid transducer for quantum information transduction.
  • To utilize nonlinear magnonics for improved quantum information transfer.
  • To develop a scalable solution for integrating quantum components using wafer-compatible materials.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a hybrid transducer integrating a magnetic microdisc with quantum spin defects in silicon carbide.
  • Exploitation of magnon nonlinearities within the magnetic microdisc.
  • Investigation of the interaction scheme between nonlinear magnonics and silicon carbide quantum spin defects.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of a hybrid transducer using wafer-compatible materials.
  • Successful engineering of nonlinear magnon-based transduction.
  • Observation of unique transduction behavior by combining nonlinear magnonics with quantum spin defects.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlinear magnonics offers a promising avenue for quantum information transduction in scalable quantum networks.
  • The developed hybrid transducer using silicon carbide and magnetic microdiscs represents a significant step towards integrated quantum systems.
  • This approach highlights the potential of nonlinear magnonics to complement quantum systems for advanced transduction capabilities.