Bio-convective maxwell ferrofluid flow over a flexible spinning surface.

Area of Science:

• Fluid dynamics
• Magnetohydrodynamics
• Bioconvection

Background:

• Understanding ferrofluid behavior is crucial for advanced technological applications.
• Bioconvection, driven by self-propelled microorganisms, influences fluid transport and heat/mass transfer.
• Maxwell ferrofluids exhibit viscoelastic properties, adding complexity to flow dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the bio-convective flow of Maxwell ferrofluid over a flexible spinning plate under a magnetic field.
• To analyze the effects of various parameters on microorganism concentration, motility, heat, and mass transfer.
• To explore potential applications in drug-targeted and self-sterilizing technologies.

Main Methods:

• A theoretical model integrating Cattaneo-Christov theories, Buongiorno microorganism model, and Shliomis model was developed.
• The finite element technique, specifically the Galerkin weighted residual approach, was employed for numerical solutions.
• COMSOL Multiphysics was utilized for solving the non-dimensional equations of the Maxwell ferrofluid model.

Main Results:

• Increased ferromagnetic interaction number, concentration relaxation time, Lewis number, and stretching parameter led to decreased organism concentration and motility.
• The ferromagnetic interaction number enhanced local heat transfer, local mass transfer, and local microorganism density.
• The ferromagnetic interaction number was found to reduce surface stress on the disk.

Conclusions:

• The study provides insights into the complex interplay of magnetic fields, fluid properties, and microbial dynamics in ferrofluids.
• The findings have implications for designing advanced technologies, including drug delivery systems and self-sterilizing surfaces.
• Numerical simulations offer a robust method for analyzing such intricate fluid flow phenomena.