Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Community Based Intervention01:30

Community Based Intervention

42
Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
42
Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding01:25

Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding

99
Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
99
Group Design02:01

Group Design

8.9K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.9K
Models, Theories, and Laws01:16

Models, Theories, and Laws

5.3K
Scientists frequently use models to help them comprehend a specific collection of phenomena. In physics, a model is a condensed version of a physical system that is too complex to study thoroughly. One such example is the light wave model; unlike water waves, light waves are typically invisible to us. Nonetheless, it is helpful to think of light as being composed of waves, since investigations show that light behaves like water waves. Since it is impossible to visually see what is genuinely...
5.3K
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

215
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
215
Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

8.5K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
8.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patterns of court-ordered behavioral health evaluations among extreme risk protection order respondents in Washington State.

Injury epidemiology·2026
Same author

Inpatient rehabilitation utilization following firearm injury: A national trauma quality program analysis.

PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Trusted voices and tailored messaging: public health approaches to firearm safety for older adult firearm owners in the Washington, Wyoming, Alaska, Montana and Idaho (WWAMI) region.

Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention·2026
Same author

TMEM119+ microglia MHC class I restricted antigen presentation impacts CD8 T cell memory, effector status, and blood-brain barrier disruption during neurotropic virus infection.

Research square·2026
Same author

Prioritizing Core Factors Needed to Sustain Hospital-Based Violence Intervention Programs: A Delphi Study.

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·2026
Same author

Virus-specific CD8 T cells rapidly populate and persist in skull bone marrow after brain infection.

Research square·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2025

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
09:12

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

70.9K

Codeveloping theories of change for improved community-based violence intervention evaluation.

Julia P Schleimer1, Vivian H Lyons, Dominique Smith

  • 1From the Firearm Injury and Policy Research Program (J.P.S., V.L., D.S., K.J.), and Department of Epidemiology (J.P.S., V.H.L., A.R.-R.), School of Public Health, University of Washington; Allies in Healthier Systems for Health and Abundance in Youth (V.L., D.S.); School of Social Work, University of Washington (K.J.); BIPOC Apostrophe (F.A., M.D., A.J., Z.S.); King County Prosecuting Attorney's Office (L.A., B.M., R.S.); Community Passageways (M.B., D.D., K.P.); Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington (L.B., J.C., D.N., L.W.), Seattle; City of Tacoma (J.C., V.M., E.W.), Tacoma; Building Resilience and Violence Education (A.F., M.M.), YMCA of Greater Seattle, Seattle; Walk About Yakima, Dispute Resolution Center (E.G., A.O., C.T.), Yakima; and CHOOSE Freedom, CHOOSE 180 (A.B.L., E.W.), Seattle, Washington.

The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
|March 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Developing a theory of change for community-based violence intervention (CVI) programs helps align evaluations with program goals. This approach captures a broader range of positive outcomes beyond just violence reduction.

More Related Videos

Community-based Adapted Tango Dancing for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease and Older Adults
09:19

Community-based Adapted Tango Dancing for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease and Older Adults

Published on: December 9, 2014

25.6K
The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
06:05

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

Published on: February 19, 2021

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 30, 2025

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
09:12

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

70.9K
Community-based Adapted Tango Dancing for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease and Older Adults
09:19

Community-based Adapted Tango Dancing for Individuals with Parkinson's Disease and Older Adults

Published on: December 9, 2014

25.6K
The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time
06:05

The Participant-Reported Implementation Update and Score PRIUS: A Novel Method for Capturing Implementation-Related Data Over Time

Published on: February 19, 2021

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Program Evaluation

Background:

  • Community-based violence intervention (CVI) programs are crucial for public health and safety.
  • Previous CVI evaluations yielded mixed results, potentially due to misaligned theories of change and outcome measures.
  • Existing evaluations often overlook positive health and well-being outcomes, focusing narrowly on deficit-based results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To codevelop a theory of change for community-based youth firearm violence intervention and prevention programs.
  • To foster a community-researcher partnership in Washington state.
  • To improve the conceptualization and evaluation of CVI programs.

Main Methods:

  • A multistep iterative process was employed.
  • Methods included CVI program documentation review, individual meetings, and a workshop.
  • This was conducted through a community-researcher partnership.

Main Results:

  • The developed theory of change encompasses six key domains: root causes, promotive factors, activities, intermediate outcomes, longer-term outcomes, and multilevel context.
  • Root causes address social/structural drivers of violence.
  • Promotive factors highlight community and individual assets; activities are program supports; outcomes track changes in youth, families, staff, and community over time (6 months to 2+ years).

Conclusions:

  • The codeveloped theory of change offers a unified framework for understanding, comparing, and evaluating CVI programs.
  • This approach can enhance the rigor and equity focus of CVI evaluations.
  • It provides a common lens for diverse stakeholders involved in violence prevention efforts.