Role of TRP channels in carcinogenesis and metastasis: Pathophysiology and regulation by non-coding RNAs

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Oncology
• Physiology

Background:

• Nobel Prize-winning research identified Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels for temperature and touch sensation.
• TRP channels are increasingly recognized for their significant roles in various cancer types.
• Decades of research illuminate the involvement of TRP channels in cancer development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize recent advancements in understanding TRP channel biology in the context of cancer.
• To review the distinct roles of specific TRP channel families (TRPV, TRPM, TRPC) in cancer.
• To explore the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs in TRP channel function concerning cancer.

Main Methods:

• Literature review synthesizing current research on TRP channels and cancer.
• Categorization of TRP channel functions based on emerging evidence in specific cancer types.
• Analysis of studies investigating non-coding RNA regulation of TRP channels in cancer.

Main Results:

• TRP channels, including TRPV, TRPM, and TRPC families, exhibit distinct roles in cancer onset and progression.
• Specific TRP channels like TRPV1, TRPV5, TRPM3, and TRPM7 are implicated in various cancers.
• Non-coding RNAs emerge as critical regulators influencing TRP channel activity in cancer.

Conclusions:

• TRP channels represent promising therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
• Further research into TRP channel mechanisms, particularly non-coding RNA regulation, is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of cancer.
• This review provides a foundation for future investigations into TRP channel-targeted cancer therapies.