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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Endogenous Protein Tagging in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using CRISPR/Cas9
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Proteomics applications in next generation induced pluripotent stem cell models.

Vyshnavi Manda1,2, Jay Pavelka1,2, Edward Lau1,2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Expert Review of Proteomics
|March 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Proteomics offers an unbiased view of protein changes during induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell differentiation and tissue generation. This technology aids in discovering cell markers and characterizing iPS-derived organoids for improved research and clinical applications.

Keywords:
Induced pluripotent stem cellmass spectrometryorganoidsproteomicssecretome

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Research
  • Stem Cell Technology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technology has revolutionized biomedical research.
  • New avenues are opening for creating organoids, microtissues, and body-on-a-chip systems.
  • These systems are valuable for basic biological investigations and clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of proteomics in understanding protein expression during iPS cell differentiation and maturation.
  • To demonstrate how proteomics aids in identifying cell-type specific markers.
  • To showcase the role of proteomics in characterizing iPS-derived organoids for bridging in vitro and in vivo systems.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis of iPS cell differentiation.
  • Proteomic characterization of iPS-derived cells and organoids.
  • Integration of proteomic and transcriptomic data for systems-level analysis.

Main Results:

  • Proteomics provides an unbiased view of protein expression changes during iPS cell processes.
  • Discovery of cell-type specific protein markers enhances cell production yield and fidelity.
  • Proteomic characterization of iPS-derived organoids facilitates the integration of in vitro and in vivo models.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomics is a powerful tool in iPS cell research for understanding differentiation and maturation.
  • Proteomic insights are crucial for improving cell-based therapies and organoid development.
  • Future directions include integrating proteomic and transcriptomic data for comprehensive systems biology analysis.