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Perianal Injury Prevention in Patients With Leukemia.

Cindy Paredes1, Katie Reed1, LaTarvia Moore1

  • 1Houston Methodist Hospital.

Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing
|March 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A nurse-led education program significantly reduced perianal injuries in leukemia patients by over 50%. This intervention improved nursing knowledge, highlighting the importance of education for preventing severe complications in oncology care.

Keywords:
cytarabinefissureleukemiaperianal injuryrectal abscess

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology Nursing
  • Patient Safety
  • Hematologic Malignancies

Background:

  • Perianal injuries pose a severe risk, potentially leading to sepsis or death in adult patients with hematologic malignancies.
  • A rise in perianal injuries was observed between 2018-2021 in leukemia patients receiving cytarabine on an acute care oncology unit.
  • Chart review identified 24 leukemia patients who developed perianal injuries during this period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led educational intervention in decreasing perianal injuries.
  • To assess the impact of targeted education on nursing knowledge regarding perianal injury prevention.
  • To determine if improved nurse knowledge correlates with a reduction in patient perianal injuries.

Main Methods:

  • A pre- and post-intervention survey assessed nurses' knowledge of perianal injuries.
  • Nurses participated in a 10-minute in-service education session covering risk factors and prevention strategies.
  • Twenty nurses completed both the pre- and post-intervention knowledge assessments.

Main Results:

  • Post-intervention, nursing staff knowledge regarding perianal injuries increased by 33%.
  • Within one year following the educational intervention, perianal injuries decreased by over 50%.
  • The study demonstrated a significant reduction in perianal injuries after the educational initiative.

Conclusions:

  • Nurse-led educational interventions are effective in reducing perianal injuries in oncology patients.
  • Comprehensive education for both nurses and patients is crucial for preventing severe perianal complications in leukemia patients.
  • Implementing targeted educational programs can enhance patient safety and improve outcomes in hematologic malignancy care.