Antibody-Drug Conjugates and Ocular Toxicity: Nursing, Patient, and Organizational Implications for Care

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a significant advancement in cancer therapy, targeting both solid and hematologic malignancies.
• The expanding use of ADCs necessitates a thorough understanding of their potential side effects, particularly ocular toxicities.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current evidence, manufacturer guidelines, and clinical recommendations for managing ADCs associated with a high risk of ocular reactions (>40%).
• Focus is placed on strategies for patient preparation, proactive prevention of ocular adverse events, and timely intervention for identified toxicities.

Key Points:

• Ocular reactions to ADCs range from mild symptoms like dry eye to severe, vision-threatening conditions such as corneal damage.
• Oncology nurses are crucial in performing clinical assessments, educating patients on self-care and prevention, and coordinating specialized eye care.
• Early identification and management of ocular toxicities are essential for mitigating dose-limiting adverse events and preserving patient vision.

Conclusions:

• ADCs offer novel therapeutic options but require vigilant monitoring for ocular side effects.
• Effective management of ADC-induced ocular toxicity relies on a collaborative interprofessional approach, with oncology nurses at the forefront of patient care and education.
• Proactive strategies and prompt intervention are key to minimizing the impact of ocular reactions and ensuring treatment continuity.