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A 5-year longitudinal structural equation model of social isolation and probable major depression among participants with spinal cord injury

  • 0College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina.
Rehabilitation Psychology +

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March 21, 2024

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March 21, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Social isolation, including perceived isolation and social disconnectedness, significantly predicts probable major depression (PMD) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Greater social isolation indicates a higher likelihood of current and future depression symptoms.

Area Of Science

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to significant psychosocial challenges, including social isolation and depression.
  • Understanding the longitudinal relationship between social isolation and depression is crucial for effective intervention in SCI populations.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To develop longitudinal structural models examining the relationship between social isolation and probable major depression (PMD) over a 5-year period in individuals with SCI.
  • To differentiate the impact of objective social disconnectedness versus subjective perceived isolation on PMD.

Main Methods

  • Longitudinal structural equation modeling was used with data from 557 participants with SCI across two time points (2013 and 2018).
  • Social isolation was assessed using measures of social disconnectedness and perceived isolation.
  • Probable major depression (PMD) was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).

Main Results

  • Both social disconnectedness and perceived isolation at Time 1 were significantly associated with PMD at Time 1 and Time 2.
  • Perceived isolation demonstrated a stronger association with PMD compared to social disconnectedness.
  • Higher levels of social isolation predicted greater likelihood of PMD both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Conclusions

  • Social isolation is a significant risk factor for both current and future depression symptoms in individuals with SCI.
  • Increased time since SCI was associated with a lower likelihood of PMD.
  • These findings highlight the importance of addressing social isolation in managing depression post-SCI.