Design of DNA Storage Coding Scheme With LDPC Codes and Interleaving.

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Information Science
• Computer Science

Background:

• DNA data storage offers high density but faces challenges with data errors.
• Existing coding schemes often use complex error correction in multiple directions.
• Optimizing error correction is crucial for reliable DNA storage.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel, efficient coding scheme for DNA data storage.
• To demonstrate the sufficiency of inter-oligo low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes for DNA storage reliability.
• To enhance decoding performance by applying interleaving techniques.

Main Methods:

• Developed a new coding scheme utilizing inter-oligo LDPC codes optimized via differential evolution.
• Applied interleaving techniques to address non-uniform error characteristics in DNA storage.
• Created an analytical DNA channel model based on non-uniform binary symmetric channels.

Main Results:

• The proposed scheme reduces required oligo reads for perfect recovery by 26.25%–38.5% compared to existing methods.
• Demonstrated the effectiveness of LDPC codes and interleaving in enhancing decoding performance.
• Validated the superiority of the new scheme through an analytical DNA channel model.

Conclusions:

• Inter-oligo LDPC codes, with differential evolution optimization, are sufficient for reliable DNA storage.
• Interleaving techniques further improve decoding performance by handling non-uniform DNA storage errors.
• The developed analytical model confirms the scheme's advantages and the independent contributions of LDPC codes and interleaving.