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Related Concept Videos

Numerical Calculations01:24

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In engineering applications, the representation of the numerical value is critical. Presenting or reporting the answer is one of the essential parts of engineering practices. Numerical calculations are performed using handheld calculators or computers since numerically accurate answers are always preferred.
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When understanding the effects of multiple forces acting on an object, vector addition is a crucial concept to grasp. This mathematical concept can be used to calculate the net force acting on an object when two or more forces are involved.
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Cartesian vector notation is a valuable tool in mechanical engineering for representing vectors in three-dimensional space, performing vector operations such as determining the gradient, divergence, and curl, and expressing physical quantities such as the displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force. By using Cartesian vector notation, engineers can more easily analyze and solve problems in various areas of mechanical engineering, including dynamics, kinematics, and fluid mechanics. This...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
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Published on: August 28, 2021

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More math, less "math war".

Alan Schoenfeld1, Phil Daro2

  • 1School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 21, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The "equity versus excellence" debate in US math education is a false dichotomy. Focusing on both equity and excellence in mathematics curricula is essential for student success.

Area of Science:

  • Education Policy
  • Curriculum Development
  • Mathematics Education

Background:

  • The United States education system has been historically divided by a debate framing "equity" and "excellence" in mathematics curricula as mutually exclusive.
  • This false dichotomy has impeded progress and created significant disruptions in educational approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine the perceived conflict between equity and excellence in mathematics education.
  • To propose a framework that integrates both principles for improved student outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on mathematics curriculum debates.
  • Analysis of policy documents and educational standards.
  • Case studies of successful integrated approaches.

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Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests that equity and excellence in mathematics are not mutually exclusive but can be synergistic.
  • Successful models demonstrate that high standards can be achieved while ensuring equitable access and support for all students.

Conclusions:

  • The "equity versus excellence" debate is a harmful oversimplification that hinders effective mathematics education.
  • Adopting an integrated approach that prioritizes both equity and excellence is crucial for advancing mathematics learning for all students in the United States.