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Knee Joint

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model

Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model

Published on: May 6, 2020

Predicting the onset of end-stage knee osteoarthritis over two- and five-years using machine learning.

Zubeyir Salis¹, Jeffrey B Driban², Timothy E McAlindon³

¹Division of Rheumatology, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; School of Human Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Centre for Big Data Research in Health, the University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.

Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism

|March 21, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new machine learning tool accurately predicts end-stage knee osteoarthritis (KOA) progression within 2-5 years, improving KOA clinical trial efficiency. This tool offers a reliable method for identifying participants likely to develop severe KOA.

Keywords:

Health care quality, access, and evaluation Learning curve Patient outcome assessment Technology assessment, Biomedical

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Standardized Histomorphometric Evaluation of Osteoarthritis in a Surgical Mouse Model

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Published on: May 6, 2020

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Area of Science:

Orthopedics
Biomedical Engineering
Data Science

Background:

Identifying participants for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) trials is challenging.
Current methods using total knee replacement (TKR) are unreliable.
A robust metric for severe KOA is needed, leading to the end-stage KOA (esKOA) measure.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a machine-learning tool for predicting esKOA onset within 2-5 years.
To enhance the efficiency of KOA clinical trials by identifying at-risk individuals.
To provide a more reliable predictor than TKR for severe KOA progression.

Main Methods:

Utilized Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) data for model training (3,114 participants) and validation (606 participants).
Externally validated models using Multicentre Osteoarthritis Study (MOST) data (1,602 participants).
Defined esKOA by radiographic severity and symptom intensity; considered 51 predictors.

Main Results:

Achieved high Area Under Curve (AUC) values in external validation for predicting esKOA: Right knee (2.5 yrs: 0.847, 5 yrs: 0.853), Left knee (2.5 yrs: 0.824, 5 yrs: 0.807).
Models with fewer predictors showed comparable performance.
An online tool for esKOA prediction is available.

Conclusions:

Developed a robust, externally validated machine learning tool for predicting esKOA onset.
The tool is proficient in identifying individuals likely to progress to esKOA within 2-5 years.
This tool can significantly improve the efficiency and design of future KOA clinical trials.