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Updated: May 6, 2026

An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart
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Backflow reduction in local injection therapy with gelatin formulations.

Kazuki Kotani1, Francois Marie Ngako Kadji1, Yoshinobu Mandai1

  • 1Department of Biomedical, R&D C-enter, Nitta Gelatin, Inc, Yao City, Osaka, Japan.

Drug Delivery
|March 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Gelatin particles and hydrolyzed gelatin effectively reduce backflow during local drug injections. This study demonstrates optimal concentrations and particle sizes for minimizing material leakage in various tissue models.

Keywords:
Local injectionbackflowgelatin particleshydrolyzed gelatin

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Minimally Invasive Procedures

Background:

  • Local injection achieves high drug exposure but risks material backflow and side effects.
  • Optimizing local injection techniques is crucial for therapeutic efficacy and patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of gelatin-based formulations in reducing backflow during local injections.
  • To determine optimal gelatin particle sizes, concentrations, and molecular weights for minimizing backflow.

Main Methods:

  • Gelatin particles (GPs) and hydrolyzed gelatin (HG) were injected into tissue models (VTT, VTT-T, BCM) using various needle gauges (23G-33G).
  • Backflow fluid rate was measured using filter paper to quantify material leakage.
  • Injectability and backflow reduction were assessed for different gelatin formulations and concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Significant backflow reduction was observed with 35 μm GPs (up to 5% concentration) and 75 μm GPs (up to 2% concentration).
  • Hydrolyzed gelatin's efficacy depended on molecular weight, with lower molecular weights requiring higher concentrations (5-30%) and higher molecular weights needing lower concentrations (7-8%).
  • Optimal gelatin concentrations and viscosity were found to be key factors in preventing backflow across various injection volumes and tissue types.

Conclusions:

  • Gelatin-based formulations, specifically optimized gelatin particles and hydrolyzed gelatin, are effective in reducing material backflow in local injections.
  • The findings suggest that precise control over gelatin concentration, particle size, and viscosity can enhance the safety and efficacy of local drug delivery.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the application of these gelatin formulations with active therapeutic agents for organ and tumor injections.