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Coverage and determinants of infant postnatal care in Nigeria: A population-based cross-sectional study

Bolaji Emmanuel Egbewale1,2, Olusola Oyedeji3, Jesse Bump1

  • 1Department of Global Health and Population Takemi Program in International Health Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA.

Pediatric Investigation
|March 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Infant postnatal care (PNC) attendance in Nigeria is low at 37.3%, with facility delivery being a key predictor. Interventions are needed to improve newborn survival and access to essential postnatal care.

Area of Science:

  • Global child health
  • Public health interventions
  • Maternal and child health

Background:

  • Nigeria faces a high burden of under-5 child mortality, with many deaths occurring in the neonatal period.
  • The World Health Organization recommends infant postnatal care (PNC) to improve newborn survival.
  • Low utilization of PNC services is a significant challenge in many regions, including Nigeria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the coverage of infant postnatal care (PNC) in Nigeria.
  • To identify individual-level determinants associated with infant PNC attendance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2018.
  • Defined infant PNC as care received within 2 days of birth.
  • Employed modified Poisson regression models to estimate relative risks (RRs) of PNC predictors.

Main Results:

  • National infant PNC coverage was 37.3%, with significant regional disparities.
  • Delivery in a health facility was strongly associated with PNC attendance (RR: 6.07).
  • Higher maternal education, employment, urban residence, female household headship, and increased wealth were linked to greater PNC uptake.

Conclusions:

  • Infant PNC uptake in Nigeria is critically low, necessitating urgent interventions.
  • Strategies should focus on promoting equitable access and increasing demand for PNC services.
  • Addressing socioeconomic and demographic factors is crucial for enhancing newborn survival through PNC.
Abstract

Keywords:
CoverageDeterminantsEpidemiologyInfant postnatal careNigeria

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