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Pathogenic Potential of Eomesodermin-Expressing T-Helper Cells in Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Tomomi Kanazawa1,2,3, Wakiro Sato1,4, Ben J E Raveney1
1Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan.
Annals of Neurology
|March 22, 2024
Summary
Eomesodermin-expressing (Eomes+) T-helper cells are elevated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease patients, suggesting a role in neurodegenerative disease pathology.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Neurodegeneration
- T-cell immunology
Background:
- Eomesodermin-expressing (Eomes+) T-helper (Th) cells exhibit cytotoxic properties, previously observed in multiple sclerosis.
- Altered immune cell profiles are implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the frequency and functional significance of Eomes+ Th cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to quantify Eomes+ Th cell frequency in peripheral blood.
- Granzyme B production by Th cells was assessed.
- Correlations between Eomes+ Th cell frequency and clinical parameters (disease stage, cognitive decline) were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Eomes+ Th cell frequency was significantly increased in the peripheral blood of patients with ALS and AD compared to controls.
- Th cells from ALS and AD patients demonstrated elevated granzyme B production.
- A high frequency of Eomes+ Th cells was noted in the acute stage of ALS.
- Eomes+ Th cell frequency positively correlated with cognitive decline in AD patients.
Conclusions:
- Eomes+ Th cells are implicated in the immune response associated with ALS and AD.
- These cytotoxic T-helper cells may contribute to the neuropathology of these neurodegenerative diseases.
