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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter theory

Background:

  • Out-of-equilibrium quantum systems exhibit complex dynamics.
  • Fast degrees of freedom can generate long-range entanglement.
  • Standard tensor network methods struggle to efficiently represent such entanglement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a tensor network method for efficiently representing long-range entanglement.
  • To capture the long-time behavior of local observables in quenched quantum systems.
  • To obtain an effective description of time-evolved states using finite computational resources.

Main Methods:

  • A novel tensor network approach is introduced.
  • The method identifies and transforms long-range entanglement into a mixture.
  • This facilitates the representation of reduced local states.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method efficiently represents states with long-range entanglement.
  • It provides an effective description of the time-evolved state as a density matrix.
  • The approach successfully captures the long-time behavior of local operators.

Conclusions:

  • The developed tensor network method offers an efficient way to study out-of-equilibrium quantum dynamics.
  • It overcomes limitations of standard methods in representing long-range entanglement.
  • This facilitates the analysis of local observables in complex quantum systems.