New insights into three trajectories of omicron-related all-cause death reduced by COVID-19 booster vaccination
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Booster vaccines significantly reduced COVID-19 and all-cause mortality across Omicron subvariants BA.2, BA.5, and BA.2.75. This analysis highlights the critical role of vaccination in mitigating severe outcomes from COVID-19 infections.
Area Of Science
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background
- All-cause mortality trajectories from Omicron infections and booster efficacy remain understudied.
- A novel COVID-19-and-death competing risk model was developed to analyze three death pathways: dying from COVID-19, dying with COVID-19, and non-COVID-19 deaths.
Purpose Of The Study
- To assess three epidemiological death trajectories (dying from COVID-19, dying with COVID-19, non-COVID-19 death) using a competing risk model.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of monovalent and bivalent booster vaccines against these death trajectories during Omicron subvariant surges.
Main Methods
- Applied a competing risk model to track deaths directly from COVID-19, with COVID-19 as a contributing factor, and indirect non-COVID-19 deaths.
- Utilized data from a Taiwanese cohort during Omicron subvariants BA.2, BA.5, and BA.2.75 periods.
- Focused on comparing outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
Main Results
- Mortality peaked during BA.2, decreased during BA.5, and rose again during BA.2.75. Trends for deaths directly from and with COVID-19 mirrored each other, while non-COVID-19 deaths remained stable.
- Booster vaccination reduced all-cause mortality by 58%-75% across subvariants compared to incomplete vaccination.
- Significant reductions were observed for deaths directly from COVID-19 (66%-85%) and deaths with COVID-19 (46%-90%), with varying effectiveness against non-COVID-19 deaths.
Conclusions
- The competing risk analysis effectively monitors all-cause death trajectories during Omicron infections.
- Booster vaccines, particularly bivalent formulations, demonstrate substantial impact on reducing COVID-19-related mortality.
- Findings underscore the importance of vaccination and highlight potential healthcare gaps for vulnerable populations.
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