Back to the future: the uncharted role of T cells in chronic and unexplained microvascular inflammation
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Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Pharmacodissection Approach to Uncover Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Populations
Published on: July 21, 2023
Jasper Callemeyn1, Maarten Naesens1
1Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Abstract:
The 2022 Banff classification for kidney allograft pathology introduced the category "microvascular inflammation DSA-negative and C4d-negative" for cases without evidence of a humoral cause. Many questions remain about the etiology, prognosis, and treatment of this phenotype. Cristoferi et al. performed a molecular comparison of chronic active antibody-mediated rejection and its seronegative counterpart and suggest a central role for T cells in chronic donor-specific antibody-negative, C4d-negative microvascular inflammation. These results further question how we should classify rejection.
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