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Acute kidney injury in pediatric burn patients
Demet Kahramanlar1, Sare Gülfem Özlü2, Pervin Demirci3
1Ankara Koru Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Insights
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in pediatric burn patients, increasing hospital stay and mortality. Early recognition and management of AKI are crucial for better outcomes in children with burns.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Burn Injury Management
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant complication following burn injuries.
- Limited data exists on AKI in pediatric burn populations.
- This study addresses the scarcity of research on pediatric burn-related AKI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of AKI in pediatric burn patients.
- To identify clinical features and risk factors associated with AKI.
- To evaluate the prognosis of AKI in this patient group.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study design.
- Inclusion of patients aged 1 month to 18 years (2011-2017).
- Logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with AKI development.
Main Results:
- 12.5% of pediatric burn patients developed AKI.
- Older age and higher hemoglobin levels were key predictors of AKI.
- AKI was associated with longer hospital stays and increased mortality.
Conclusions:
- AKI is a frequent and serious complication in pediatric burn patients.
- AKI significantly increases morbidity and mortality.
- Prompt identification and management of AKI are essential for improving outcomes.
Background:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and important complication of burn injury. Although there are numerous adult studies, data regarding AKI in pediatric burn patients are scarce. Here, we aimed to evaluate the frequency, clinical features, and prognosis of AKI among pediatric burn injury patients.
Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients aged between 1 month and 18 years who had been followed up between the years 2011 and 2017 were included, and patients with previous kidney disease were excluded. Demographic data, laboratory and clinical variables, management strategies, and outcome data were obtained from the hospital records. Factors associated with AKI were determined by logistic regression analysis.
Results:
A total of 697 patients had been followed up, and 87 (12.5%) had AKI. Older age, refugee status, prolonged duration between the incident and time of hospitalization, presence of sepsis, severity and type of burn, volume of fluid administration, intubation status, and accompanying organ failure were all associated with the development of AKI. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the most statistically significant factors associated with the development of AKI were older age and increased serum hemoglobin values. In terms of outcomes, length of stay and mortality increased in patients with AKI when compared with patients without AKI.
Conclusion:
Similar to adults, AKI is an important and common complication of burn injury in pediatric burn patients and is associated with increased length of stay, morbidity, and mortality. Early recognition and prompt and appropriate management are crucial to avoid morbidity and mortality.
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