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Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Related Experiment Video

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Targeting inflammation as cancer therapy.

Manni Wang1, Siyuan Chen1, Xuemei He1

  • 1Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, Block3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology
|March 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inflammation plays a key role in cancer development and treatment resistance. Targeting inflammation shows promise for suppressing tumors and enhancing cancer therapies, with ongoing research exploring its therapeutic potential.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Inflammation is a biological response to injury and infection.
  • Decades of research highlight inflammation's complex role in cancer progression, including tumor development, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dynamic inflammatory tumor microenvironment.
  • To discuss key inflammation mediators in cancer.
  • To highlight inflammation-targeted therapies for antitumor responses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of preclinical and clinical studies.
  • Analysis of inflammatory cells, cytokines, and intracellular pathways.
  • Examination of inflammation-targeted agents' mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Inflammation is integral to the tumor microenvironment.
  • Key mediators include inflammatory cells and cytokines.
  • Inflammation-targeted agents can suppress cancer and improve treatment efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting inflammation offers a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
  • Understanding inflammation's role is crucial for developing novel antitumor treatments.
  • Preclinical and clinical data support the translation potential of inflammation-targeted therapies.