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Stabilizing Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Liquid Metal Via Dynamic Hydrogel-Derived Carbon Framework Encapsulation.

Hanning Zhang1,2, Wei Zhang1,2, Dan Luo3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eutectic gallium-indium liquid metal (EGaIn-LM) nanoparticles encapsulated in a hydrogel-derived carbon framework improve lithium-ion battery anodes. This strategy enhances stability and performance by mitigating electrolyte consumption and SEI layer issues.

Keywords:
hydrogel‐derived carbon frameworkin situ encapsulationliquid metal anodesolid electrolyte interface

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Eutectic gallium-indium liquid metal (EGaIn-LM) is a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high capacity and self-healing properties.
  • Challenges include electrolyte consumption and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) rupture caused by LM fluidity and phase transitions during cycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a strategy for stabilizing EGaIn-LM within a robust matrix for LIB anodes.
  • To investigate the formation and structural evolution of the SEI layer at the liquid/solid interface.

Main Methods:

  • In situ hydrogel assembly initiated by EGaIn-LM, followed by calcination to form a hydrogel-derived carbon framework (HDC) encapsulating LM nanoparticles.
  • Electrochemical testing to evaluate rate capability and long-term cyclability.
  • Analysis of the SEI layer composition and structure.

Main Results:

  • Homogeneous confinement of LM nanoparticles within the HDC framework effectively alleviates volume expansion and enhances electron transport.
  • The designed anode exhibits superior rate capability and long-term cyclability.
  • A dual-layer SEI structure, featuring an outer LiF layer and an inner LiGaOx layer, was identified, indicating LM's role in SEI formation and the carbon framework's protective effect.

Conclusions:

  • The HDC matrix provides an effective strategy for stabilizing EGaIn-LM anodes in LIBs.
  • The study offers insights into SEI formation and evolution at liquid/solid interfaces, crucial for designing stable LIBs.