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Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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How much do we know about the metastatic process?

Carolina Rodriguez-Tirado1,2,3,4,5, Maria Soledad Sosa6,7,8,9,10

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. carolina.rodriguez@einsteinmed.edu.

Clinical & Experimental Metastasis
|March 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Disseminated cancer cells (DCCs) can remain dormant and evade current therapies. New strategies aim to target these minimal residual disease cells to prevent metastasis and improve patient survival.

Keywords:
Disseminated cancer cellsDormancyEMTEarly disseminationMetastasis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Metastasis Research

Background:

  • Disseminated cancer cells (DCCs) can spread early and enter a dormant state.
  • Dormant DCCs evade current therapies targeting primary tumors.
  • Detection of DCCs is associated with poor patient survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current methods for detecting DCCs.
  • To highlight novel strategies targeting dormant DCCs as minimal residual disease.
  • To discuss the role of DCCs in early-stage metastasis and dissemination mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on DCC detection and targeting.
  • Analysis of evidence on the clinical relevance of early-stage DCCs.
  • Discussion of animal models for studying DCCs.
  • Exploration of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cell dissemination.

Main Results:

  • DCCs can persist in a dormant state, posing a challenge for current treatments.
  • Targeting dormant DCCs is crucial for preventing metastasis and reducing minimal residual disease.
  • Understanding dissemination mechanisms, including EMT, is key to developing new therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Current therapies are insufficient to eradicate dormant DCCs.
  • New therapeutic strategies are needed to target DCCs and prevent metastatic recurrence.
  • Further research into DCC biology and their interaction with the tumor microenvironment is essential.