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The Mediterranean diet: a historical perspective
1Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy. a.capurso@alice.it.
Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
|March 23, 2024
Summary
The Mediterranean diet evolved from simple, local foods to incorporate diverse ingredients from various cultures and the Americas. This historical journey shaped its rich culinary profile over centuries.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Culinary History
Background:
- The Mediterranean diet originated in the Mediterranean basin, initially based on olives, grapes, and wheat.
- Its early form was simple, relying on locally cultivated and spontaneously growing products.
Purpose of the Study:
- To trace the historical evolution and diversification of the Mediterranean diet.
- To identify key influences that shaped its composition over time.
Main Methods:
- Historical analysis of dietary components.
- Examination of cultural and geographical influences on food practices.
Main Results:
- Roman Empire expansions introduced game, pork, and wild vegetables.
- Arab influence in the 9th century shifted focus to carbohydrates like pasta and introduced new seasonings.
- The discovery of the Americas added ingredients such as tomatoes, potatoes, corn, turkey, chocolate, and coffee.
Conclusions:
- The Mediterranean diet is a dynamic culinary tradition shaped by migration, trade, and exploration.
- Its modern form is a composite of indigenous Mediterranean products and ingredients introduced through historical events.
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