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Deciphering JAK/STAT signaling pathway: A multifaceted approach to tumorigenesis, progression and therapeutic

Yihui Wang1, Zhe Wang2, Shuyu Li2

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450001, PR China.

International Immunopharmacology
|March 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Targeting the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway offers new anticancer strategies. This review details agents, mechanisms, and challenges like drug resistance for future cancer interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is crucial for cellular signaling.
  • Dysregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway is increasingly linked to malignant tumor progression.
  • A systematic summary of JAK/STAT pathway-targeting anticancer agents is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of pharmaceutical agents targeting the JAK/STAT pathway for cancer treatment.
  • To elucidate the anticancer mechanisms of these agents, including antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and anti-angiogenic effects.
  • To discuss clinical challenges such as drug resistance and explore novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pharmaceutical agents targeting the JAK/STAT pathway.
  • Analysis of various anticancer mechanisms employed by these agents.
  • Exploration of drug resistance challenges and combination therapy approaches.
  • Investigation of nanocarrier-based strategies for drug delivery.

Main Results:

  • Identified phytochemicals, synthetic drugs, and biomolecules as agents targeting the JAK/STAT pathway.
  • Detailed mechanisms including inhibition of proliferation, induction of apoptosis, suppression of metastasis, and angiogenesis.
  • Highlighted clinical challenges of drug resistance.
  • Emphasized the potential of combination therapies and nanocarrier-mediated drug delivery.

Conclusions:

  • JAK/STAT pathway inhibitors demonstrate significant anticancer effects through diverse mechanisms.
  • Overcoming drug resistance via combination therapies and advanced drug delivery systems like nanocarriers is crucial.
  • Targeting the JAK/STAT pathway represents a promising and evolving frontier in oncological interventions.
Keywords:
Anti-cancer therapeuticsJanus kinaseSignal transducer and activator of transcriptionTargeted drugs

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