Prognosis of anemic patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Hematology
• Interventional Cardiology

Background:

• Limited data exists on the association between anemia and adverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
• Anemia is a common comorbidity that may impact cardiovascular health.
• Understanding this relationship is crucial for optimizing patient care after PCI.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between anemia severity and clinical outcomes in AF patients who underwent PCI.
• To compare the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major bleeding events among patients with different anemia classifications.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 746 patients with AF undergoing PCI across 15 institutions (January 2015-March 2021) was analyzed.
• Anemia was categorized as moderate/severe (<11 g/dL), mild (11-12.9 g/dL for men, 11-11.9 g/dL for women), or no anemia.
• Clinical outcomes, including MACE and BARC 3 or 5 bleeding events, were assessed at 1 year post-PCI.

Main Results:

• 16.0% and 22.5% of patients had moderate/severe and mild anemia, respectively.
• The incidence of MACE, all-cause death, and major bleeding events was highest in the moderate/severe anemia group.
• Moderate/severe anemia was an independent predictor for MACE, all-cause death, and major bleeding events at 1 year.

Conclusions:

• Moderate to severe anemia is significantly associated with increased rates of MACE and all-cause death in AF patients post-PCI.
• Higher incidence of major bleeding events was also observed in patients with moderate/severe anemia.
• These findings highlight the importance of addressing anemia in AF patients undergoing PCI to improve clinical outcomes.