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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
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  11. Poised Epigenetic States Dictate Metastatic Fitness.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Biomedical And Clinical Sciences
  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Poised Epigenetic States Dictate Metastatic Fitness.

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Author Spotlight: Epigenetic Modifications and Metabolic Rewiring as Targets for Cancer Therapy
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Author Spotlight: Epigenetic Modifications and Metabolic Rewiring as Targets for Cancer Therapy

Published on: October 18, 2024

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Poised epigenetic states dictate metastatic fitness.

Rebeka Tomasin1, Cyrus M Ghajar2

  • 1Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Center for Metastasis Research eXcellence (MET-X), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.

Trends in Cancer
|March 23, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) reaching the lung enter dormancy due to a cell-intrinsic epigenetic state. This state makes them responsive to angiocrine Wnt signals, influencing their fate.

Keywords:
Wntdormancyepigeneticsmetastasis

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Area of Science:

  • Cancer biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Tumor microenvironment

Background:

  • Disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) are precursors to metastasis.
  • Understanding DTC fate in secondary organs is crucial for cancer treatment.
  • The lung is a common site for metastasis, but DTC fate there is poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the early events regulating disseminated tumor cell (DTC) fate in the lung.
  • To identify the mechanisms controlling DTC dormancy and outgrowth.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of DTCs in a mouse model.
  • Epigenetic profiling of DTCs.
  • Assessment of responsiveness to angiocrine signaling.

Main Results:

niche
plasticity
  • DTC dormancy is determined by a cell-autonomous poised epigenetic state.
  • This epigenetic state renders DTCs sensitive to angiocrine Wnt signaling.
  • Wnt signaling influences DTC survival and proliferation decisions.

Conclusions:

  • A cell-intrinsic epigenetic state dictates DTC fate in the lung.
  • Angiocrine Wnt signaling acts as a critical regulator of DTC dormancy and potential outgrowth.
  • Targeting this epigenetic state or Wnt pathway may offer new therapeutic strategies.