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Growth and differentiation factor-15: A link between inflammaging and cardiovascular disease
Balázs Bence Nyárády1, Loretta Zsuzsa Kiss1, Zsolt Bagyura1
1Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Városmajor utca 68, Budapest H-1122, Hungary.
Abstract:
Age-related disorders are closely linked to the accumulation of senescent cells. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) sustains and progresses chronic inflammation, which is involved in cellular and tissue dysfunction. SASP-related growth and differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that is coupled to aging and thus may have a regulatory role in the development and maintenance of atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the effects of GDF-15 are tissue-specific and dependent on microenvironmental changes such as inflammation, available data suggest that GDF-15 has a significant role in CVD. Thus, GDF-15 is a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target for atherosclerotic CVD.
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