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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia neonatal sepsis: a case report

Williams Oluwatosin Adefila1, Isaac Osie2,3, Modou Lamin Keita2

  • 1Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London, School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, West Africa, PO Box 273, Fajara, The Gambia. wadefila@mrc.gm.

Journal of Medical Case Reports
|March 25, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia rarely causes neonatal sepsis, but this case highlights successful treatment with early detection and appropriate antibiotics. Prompt management is key for positive outcomes in newborns with this multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrug-resistant, gram-negative bacterium causing opportunistic infections.
  • It is an emerging pathogen with increasing prevalence and high mortality in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Neonatal sepsis due to S. maltophilia is rare but associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Observation:

  • A case of neonatal sepsis in a 40-hour-old infant is presented.
  • Blood cultures identified Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, exhibiting resistance to multiple antibiotics but sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was not performed due to parental refusal.

Findings:

  • The neonate was treated with empirical intravenous ampicillin and gentamicin for six days.
  • The infant demonstrated a full recovery with subsequent negative blood cultures.
  • This case underscores the successful management of a rare neonatal sepsis caused by a multidrug-resistant organism.

Implications:

  • Early detection of bacterial pathogens like S. maltophilia is crucial in neonatal sepsis cases.
  • Antimicrobial management guided by local antibiogram data is essential for effective treatment.
  • This case contributes to understanding the management of rare multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in neonates.
Keywords:
Stenotrophomonas maltophiliaAntibiotic treatmentCase reportMultidrug-resistantNeonatal sepsis

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