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Updates on Urinary Bladder Tumors With Neuroendocrine Features.
Dilara Akbulut1, Hikmat Al-Ahmadie2
1Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD.
Advances in Anatomic Pathology
|March 25, 2024
Summary
Small cell carcinoma is the most common bladder neuroendocrine tumor. Advances in molecular characterization are improving the classification and understanding of rare bladder neuroendocrine tumors.
Area of Science:
- Urologic oncology
- Pathology
- Molecular diagnostics
Background:
- Small cell carcinoma is the most frequent neuroendocrine tumor of the urinary bladder, appearing as pure or mixed subtypes.
- Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder is uncommon and not well-defined, though increasingly acknowledged.
- Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and paragangliomas are exceedingly rare bladder neoplasms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the classification and characteristics of bladder neuroendocrine tumors.
- To highlight recent advances in molecular characterization for improved tumor stratification.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of bladder neuroendocrine tumors.
- Analysis of recent molecular findings and classification systems.
Main Results:
- Small cell carcinoma is the predominant subtype.
- Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is recognized as a distinct entity.
- Molecular advancements are enhancing diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic potential.
Conclusions:
- Neuroendocrine tumors of the bladder encompass a spectrum of rare malignancies.
- Molecular profiling is crucial for accurate classification and future treatment strategies.
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