Analysis and prediction in SCR experiments using GPT-4 with an effective chain-of-thought prompting strategy

This study explores the use of large language models (LLMs) in interpreting and predicting experimental outcomes based on given experimental variables, leveraging the human-like reasoning and inference capabilities of LLMs, using selective catalytic reduction of NO_x with NH₃ as a case study. We implement the chain of thought (CoT) concept to formulate logical steps for uncovering connections within the data, introducing an "Ordered-and-Structured" CoT (OSCoT) prompting strategy. We compare the OSCoT strategy with the more conventional "One-Pot" CoT (OPCoT) approach and with human experts. We demonstrate that GPT-4, equipped with this new OSCoT prompting strategy, outperforms the other two settings and accurately predicts experimental outcomes and provides intuitive reasoning for its predictions.