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Barriers to Education for Children With Neurodisabilities in a Developing Country
1Paediatric Neurology Unit, Hospital Tunku Azizah, Kuala Lumpur, MYS.
Many children with neurodisability face educational barriers, with 26% out of school. Key barriers include school infrastructure, inclusive opportunities, and social environment challenges, requiring practical solutions for equitable education access.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Special Education
- Public Health
Background:
- Children with neurodisability (CWND) possess equal rights to education but encounter significant barriers.
- Addressing these barriers is crucial for ensuring equitable educational opportunities for CWND.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the specific barriers to education faced by children with neurodisability.
- To identify the relationship between functional difficulties and schooling levels in CWND.
- To explore caregivers' perspectives on educational challenges for CWND.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey involving 62 caregivers of CWND attending a Malaysian tertiary hospital.
- Utilized the Washington Group/UNICEF Child Functioning Module and open-ended questions on educational barriers.
- Assessed schooling type (out-of-school, special education, mainstream) and functional difficulties.
Main Results:
- The out-of-school rate among surveyed CWND was 26% (16/62).
- Difficulties in mobility, self-care, communication, behavior control, and social interaction were linked to schooling level.
- Caregivers identified five major barrier themes: school infrastructure, inclusive opportunities/staffing/training, social environment, child's intrinsic factors, and practical limitations.
Conclusions:
- Significant barriers impede the education of children with neurodisability, impacting their schooling status and level.
- Addressing infrastructure, inclusivity, teacher training, social integration, and practical support is vital.
- Urgent development of practical solutions is needed to meet the unmet educational needs of CWND.
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