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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Real-time Monitoring of Reactions Performed Using Continuous-flow Processing: The Preparation of 3-Acetylcoumarin as an Example
Published on: November 18, 2015
Ultrasonic or Microwave Modified Continuous Flow Chemistry for the Synthesis of Tetrahydrocannabinol: Observing
Giovanni A Ramirez1, Tesfay T Tesfatsion1, Maite L Docampo-Palacios1
1Colorado Chromatography Laboratories, 10505 S. Progress Way Unit 105, Parker, Colorado 80134, United States.
Abstract:
Synthesizing tetrahydrocannabinol is a lengthy process with minimal yields and little applicability on an industrial scale. To close the gap between bench chemistry and industry process chemistry, this paper introduces a small-scale flow chemistry method that utilizes a microwave or ultrasonic medium to produce major tetrahydrocannabinol isomers. This process produces excellent yields and minimal side products, which leads to more efficient large-scale production of the desired cannabinoids.
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